理论研究 2024年 第53卷 第21期

DOI: 10. 7672 / sgjs2024210096

基于离散元的镶齿滚刀破岩机理研究

周平

作者简介:

周平,高级工程师,E⁃mail:18028562070@ 189. cn

作者单位:

厦深铁路广东有限公司,广东深圳 518000

基金项目:

∗国家自然科学基金(52378418)

摘要:

镶齿滚刀作为广泛应用于竖井掘进设备的破岩钻进刀具,其破岩方式与破岩效率影响竖井掘进设备性能,需对球齿破岩机理进行研究。采用二维离散元程序建立尽可能接近真实物理力学性能的岩石离散元模型,经过合理简化刀具破岩运动形式,模拟镶齿滚刀多个球齿破岩过程。从微观角度分析球齿破岩时岩石微裂纹萌生、扩展和破碎过程,探究球齿破岩机理。通过设置多组不同齿间距和贯入度下的仿真试验,研究刀具所需破岩荷载变化规律。采用平行黏结破坏产生微裂纹的能力评价球齿破岩比能耗,研究齿间距和贯入度对球齿破岩比能耗的影响,并得到较低球齿破岩比能耗下的参数合理取值。

English:

Inserted⁃tooth roller cutter is widely used as a rock breaking drilling tool in vertical shaftexcavation equipment, the rock breaking method and efficiency of the inserted⁃tooth roller cutter affectthe performance of the vertical shaft excavation equipment, and the spherical teeth rock breakingmechanism needs to be studied. A two⁃dimensional discrete element program is used to establish a rockdiscrete element model that is as close as possible to the real physical and mechanical properties. Afterreasonably simplifying the cutting tool rock breaking motion form, the rock breaking process of multiplespherical teeth of the inserted⁃tooth roller cutter is simulated. The initiation, propagation and crushingprocess of rock microcracks during spherical teeth rock breaking are analyzed from a microscopic point ofview, and explore the mechanism of spherical teeth rock breaking. By setting up multiple simulationexperiments with different tooth spacing and penetration, the variation law of rock breaking load requiredfor cutting tools is studied. The ability to generate microcracks through parallel bonding failure is used toevaluate the specific energy consumption of spherical teeth rock breaking. The influence of tooth spacingand penetration on the specific energy consumption of spherical teeth rock breaking is studied, andreasonable parameter values are obtained for lower specific energy consumption of spherical teeth rockbreaking.