中建八局浙江建设有限公司专栏 2025年 第卷 第02期

DOI: 10 7672 / sgjs2025020032

基于无人机及 BIM 技术的既有建筑裂缝检测及三维展布系统研究

孙文博¹,张 凡¹,贾宝莹¹’²,刘天宇¹,张 昊¹’²,张红志¹’²,张文津¹’²

作者简介:

孙文博,工程师,E⁃mail: 1049935070@ qq. com

作者单位:

1. 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司,上海 200120; 2. 中建八局浙江建设有限公司,浙江 杭州 311200

基金项目:

∗上海市 2024 年度“科技创新行动计划”启明星项目(24QB2707500)

摘要:

利用无人机进行建筑外立面裂缝检测是一种有效、便捷的方法. 通过提取裂缝边界、计算裂缝宽度和长度,并记录该裂缝边界 GPS 数据,自动形成裂缝参数记录表. 建立实物墙体与模型墙体间坐标转换关系,通过坐标转换得到该裂缝在模型墙体中的坐标,并利用裂缝参数化族,完成裂缝在 BIM 模型中的三维展布. 通过无人机裂缝检测系统,快速实现裂缝识别、坐标转换、三维模型展布等,并应用于青岛某老旧小区改造项目. 实践表明,该技术适用于城市更新项目建筑外立面裂缝统计及分析.

English:

It is an effective and convenient method to use UAV to detect cracks in building facades. Byextracting the crack boundary, calculating the crack width and length, and recording the GPS data of thecrack boundary, the crack parameter record table is automatically formed. The coordinate transformationrelationship between the physical wall and the model wall is established. The coordinates of the crack inthe model wall are obtained by coordinate transformation, and the three⁃dimensional distribution of thecrack in the BIM model is completed by using the crack parameterization family. Through the UAV crackdetection system, the crack identification, coordinate transformation, three⁃dimensional modeldistribution and so on are quickly realized, and applied to an old community reconstruction project inQingdao. The practice shows that the technology is suitable for the statistics and analysis of buildingfacade cracks in urban renewal projects.