岩土与地下工程 2025年 第卷 第11期

DOI: 10. 7672 / sgjs2025110001

层状围岩深埋引水隧洞开挖变形特征模型试验研究

万启洲¹,周泽沛¹,蒋 楠²,李鹏宇¹,杨玉民²

作者简介：

万启洲,高级工程师,E⁃mail: 473229127@ qq. com

作者单位：

1. 中国水利电力对外有限公司,北京 100011; 2. 中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北 武汉 430074

基金项目：

∗国家自然科学基金(41920104007)

摘要：

高地应力作用下层状围岩大变形是隧道开挖施工安全控制的关键问题. 依托圣加旺引水隧洞工程,根据围岩参数及试验条件设计相似比和相似材料配合比,利用模型试验研究不同地应力条件下的围岩变形特征. 研究结果表明,隧洞断面不同位置的围岩应变与应力呈正线性相关关系,随着应力的增加,左拱腰及左拱肩的围岩自稳性首先会受到破坏,拱底围岩稳定性最好,最不易发生破坏行为.
引水隧洞;层状岩体;地应力;模型试验;变形

English：

The large deformation of layered surrounding rock under the action of high ground stress is thekey problem of tunnel excavation construction safety control. Based on the San Gab􀅡n Diversion TunnelProject, the similarity ratio and similar material ratio were designed according to the surrounding rockparameters and test conditions. And the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock under different in⁃situ stress conditions were studied by model test. The results indicate that there is a positive linearcorrelation between the strain and stress of the surrounding rock at different positions of the tunnelsection. With the increase in stress, the self⁃stability of the surrounding rock of the left haunch and theleft spandrel will first be damaged. The stability of the surrounding rock at the bottom of the arch is thebest, and the failure behavior is the least.