应用研究 2025年 第卷 第11期

DOI: 10. 7672 / sgjs2025110124

中美混凝土规范对比及工程应用建议

王林琳

作者简介:

王林琳,高级工程师,一级注册结构工程师,E⁃mail:252132003@ qq. com

作者单位:

中铁国际集团有限公司,北京 100039

摘要:

为解决中国企业在国际项目中面临中美规范差异带来的技术适配性不足与管理复杂等问题,以中国与美国混凝土结构设计相关规范为研究对象,从材料性能、荷载组合、受拉钢筋锚固长度及施工标准等方面展开对比分析,研究规范差异对工程实践的影响. 研究结果表明,中美规范在混凝土强度试验方法、荷载分项系数及锚固长度修正参数上存在显著差异,美国规范锚固长度普遍较中国规范高,计算过程更精细化,而中国规范强调经验化与简洁性. 在施工层面,中国与美国规范在模板工程、钢筋连接及混凝土养护要求上呈现不同的侧重点,美国规范强调灵活性与多样化,中国规范注重结构安全与标准化. 规范差异将导致设计冗余度偏差、材料选型冲突及施工管理复杂性增加,直接影响项目成本控制与合规风险,基于此,提出系统性应对策略.

English:

To solve the problems of insufficient technical adaptability and complex management caused bythe differences between Chinese and American codes in international projects, this paper takes therelevant codes of concrete structure design in China and the United States as the research object, makes acomparative analysis from the aspects of material performance, load combination, anchorage length oftensile steel bar and construction standards, and studies the influence of code differences on engineeringpractice. The results indicate that there are significant differences in concrete strength test methods, loadpartial coefficients, and anchorage length correction parameters between Chinese and American codes.The anchorage length of American codes is generally higher than that of Chinese codes, and thecalculation process is more refined, while Chinese codes emphasize experience and simplicity. At theconstruction level, Chinese and American codes have different emphases on formwork engineering, steelbar connection, and maintenance requirements. American codes emphasize flexibility and diversification,while Chinese codes focus on structural safety and standardization. The specification difference will leadto the deviation of design redundancy, the conflict of material selection, and the increase of constructionmanagement complexity, which will directly affect the project cost control and compliance risk. Andbased on this, a systematic coping strategy is proposed.