智能建造 2025年 第卷 第17期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2025170028

一体化装配式保温剪力墙外墙部品立模生产仿真布局研究

张延欣¹,沈雅雯¹,丛顺¹,孙清臣¹,吕丽萍²

作者简介:

张延欣,教授级高级工程师,E-mail:727958312@ qq. com

作者单位:

1.中国建筑第四工程局有限公司,广东广州 510665; 2.北京榆构有限公司,北京 100120

基金项目:

∗国家重点研发计划:多功能一体化水泥基围护结构体系(2022YFC3801400);多功能一体化装配式剪力墙外墙体系精益制造与高效施工技术(2022YFC3801404)

摘要:

由于超低能耗建筑混凝土夹心保温剪力墙外墙部品功能性高度集成、保温要求高,以及传统生产线产能受生产线场地限制,故引入立模生产线。利用仿真软件 AnyLogic,构建高度契合生产现场的数字模型,依据经验法以及统计法,详细设定各工序的时间参数及所需人力资源,重点优化该部品的工厂化生产工艺及其布局,创新性提出结合外叶板及保温板平面固定模台+内叶板成组立模的生产模式,产能明显提高。基于外叶板流水线工位闲暇和忙碌状态,对外叶板流水线工位进行优化。根据立模生产与外叶板流水线的关系,重新配置人员参数,避免窝工,并实现最大产能。通过对比传统养护窑与立模养护窑的闲忙状态以及运行效率,证明立模生产线养护窑结构的优越性、操作灵活性、维护低成本性。根据离散性分析试验原理,设置离散性变量进行数列矩阵分析测算,根据合理的参数组合、工艺优化操作,提取最优值,减少非必要流程,提升作业效率。

English:

Due to the highly integrated functionality and high-level insulation requirements of the externalwall components of ultra-low energy consumption building concrete sandwich insulation shear walls, aswell as the limitations of traditional production lines’ capacity, due to production site constraints, avertical formwork production line was introduced. Using the simulation software AnyLogic, a digitalmodel highly consistent with the production site was constructed. Based on empirical and statisticalmethods, the time parameters and required human resources for each process were detailedly set. Thefactory production process and layout of this component were optimized with a focus on innovation. Aproduction mode combining the flat fixed mold table for the outer leaf plate and insulation board and thevertical formwork for the inner leaf plate was proposed, increase the production capacity. Based on theidle and busy states of the outer leaf plate assembly line workstations, the outer leaf plate assembly lineworkstations were optimized. According to the relationship between the vertical formwork production andthe outer leaf plate assembly line, the personnel parameters were reconfigured to avoid idling and achievemaximum production capacity. By comparing the idle and busy states and operational efficiency of thetraditional curing kiln and the vertical formwork curing kiln, the superiority, operational flexibility, and low maintenance cost of the curing kiln structure of the vertical formwork production line weredemonstrated. Based on the principle of discrete analysis experiments, discrete variables were set forsequence matrix analysis and calculation. Through reasonable parameter combinations and processoptimization operations, the optimal values were extracted, unnecessary processes were reduced, andoperational efficiencywas improved.