English：

To alleviate the shortage of urban land resources and traffic pressure, the construction ofunderground structures has become a key solution. The deformation characteristics of a single⁃hole tunnelunder static load were analyzed through testing and numerical simulation. The mechanical behavior of thetunnel was systematically evaluated by preparing tunnel models with different rock strengths and burieddepths and comparing the deformation response with or without lining. The results indicate that thephysical test and ANSYS numerical simulation results are highly consistent, which verifies that themethod of combining physical and numerical simulation can efficiently and reliably support the tunnelstructure design and safety assessment and provides an economical and practical analysis approach forpractical engineering.