基础设施 2026年 第卷 第03期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2026030001

迪拜沙漠地区光热电厂建造技术

张希黔¹,黄乐鹏¹,张凤举²,朱甜¹

作者简介:

张希黔,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:zxq027@ 163. com

作者单位:

1.重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆 400045; 2.中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司,湖北武汉 430074

摘要:

在全球能源结构转型与碳中和目标背景下,聚光太阳能热发电(CSP)因具备大规模储热与稳定供能能力,在沙漠地区展现出良好的应用前景。高温、强风、风沙频发及地质条件复杂等极端环境因素,对光热电站关键结构与设备施工技术和工程可靠性提出了更高要求。依托迪拜 700MW 光热+250MW 光伏混合发电项目,提出沙漠地区自制固化剂自动化固沙技术、高温环境下“方变圆”吸热塔建造技术、超大型吸热器整体滑移与高空就位技术、大规模定日镜快速精准定位与数字化安装技术、熔盐储热罐高承载力隔热基础施工技术,在极端沙漠环境下保证良好的施工适应性、结构安全性与工程可靠性,提升施工效率与建造质量,降低工程风险与综合成本。

English:

Against the backdrop of the global energy transition and carbon neutrality targets, concentratedsolar power (CSP) shows strong potential for deployment in desert regions due to its capability for large-scale thermal energy storage and stable power output. However, extreme environmental factors such ashigh temperature, strong winds, frequent sandstorms and complex geological conditions put forwardhigher requirements for the construction technology and engineering reliability of key structures andequipment of CSP plants. Based on the Dubai 700MW CSP + 250MW photovoltaic (PV) hybrid powerproject, an integrated set of construction technologies is presented, including automated sand stabilizationusing a self-developed curing agent, square-to-circular heat absorption tower construction under high-temperature conditions, overall sliding and high-elevation positioning of an ultra-large heat absorber,rapid and precise layout with digitalized installation for a large-scale heliostat field, and construction ofhigh load bearing thermally insulated foundations for molten salt heat storage tanks. Engineering practiceindicates that these technologies provide strong construction adaptability, structural safety, andengineering reliability in extreme desert environments, significantly improving construction efficiency andqualitywhile reducing risks and overall costs.