富水深埋 TBM 隧道突涌水机理分析及反坡排水设计

作者：邱凌

作者简介：

邱凌,高级工程师,E⁃mail:qiul789@ qq. com

作者单位：

川藏铁路有限公司,四川成都 610045

基金项目：

∗中铁隧道局集团有限公司科研课题:高原特长 TBM 铁路隧道智能化无轨运输系统与定额研究(隧研合 2023⁃26)

摘要：

突涌水问题是富水深埋隧洞常面临的主要挑战之一. 基于引汉济渭秦岭隧洞岭南 TBM 段工程,结合突涌水实测数据及其时间和空间分布特征,划分了 3 类典型突涌水,并分析了各自产生机理;分析了反坡 TBM 隧道突涌水防治特点,提出了系统性排水总体方案,并基于工程实际完成了突涌水排水具体设计,详细介绍了反坡排水系统的设计、施工、设备选型及管理措施. 结果表明,排水设计降低了突涌水对特长深埋 TBM 隧洞反坡施工的制约,保障了 TBM 设备安全.

关键词：水利工程;隧洞;突涌水;反坡排水;设计

English：

The problem of water inrush is one of the main challenges faced by water⁃rich deep tunnels.Based on the Lingnan TBM section project of the Qinling Tunnel in the Hanjiang⁃to⁃Weihe RiverDiversion Project, combined with the measured data of water inrush and its temporal and spatialdistribution characteristics, three types of typical water inrush are divided, and their respective generationmechanisms are analyzed. The characteristics of water inrush prevention and control in reverse slope TBMtunnels were analyzed, and the overall scheme of systematic drainage was proposed. Based on the actualproject, the specific design of water inrush drainage was completed. The design, construction, equipmentselection, and management measures of the reverse slope drainage system were introduced in detail. Theresults indicate that the drainage design reduces the restriction of water inrush on the reverse slopeconstruction of extra⁃long, deep⁃buried TBM tunnels and ensures the safety of TBM equipment.

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岩土与地下工程 > 2026年 第卷 第07期