安装工程 2026年 第卷 第08期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2026080057

基于动态模拟的高性能低碳建筑外围护结构施工关键技术

李 傲

作者简介:

李 傲,工程师,E⁃mail:65358802@ qq. com

作者单位:

福州海峡文化艺术中心建设开发有限公司,福建 福州 350000

摘要:

建筑外围护结构的高性能化是推动绿色建筑能效提升与低碳化发展的关键环节. 新区·三江大厦作为福建省首个全幕墙三星级绿色建筑,其高窗墙比、全玻璃幕墙及夏热冬暖气候条件使得外围护结构性能成为建筑节能设计与施工的重要难点. 基于动态采光模拟、风环境模拟及全年逐时能耗模拟,对外窗、幕墙、外墙及屋面等外围护结构实施优化设计,并结合工程实际,形成了“模拟驱动设计⁃构造优化⁃性能验证”的建造体系. 研究表明:通过采用多腔体断桥铝型材、三银 Low⁃E 中空玻璃、双重密封系统及高性能保温层构造,幕墙综合传热系数降低至2.278W/ (m2·K),太阳得热系数下降至 0.18;动态模拟优化使得室内自然采光达标面积达 90%,外窗自然通风压差满足要求,建筑全年总能耗降低 60.7%,空调能耗降低 68.74%. 其验证了动态模拟在指导外围护结构高性能与低碳建造中的应用价值.

English:

Enhancing the performance of building envelopes has become a key pathway for improvingenergy efficiency and promoting low⁃carbon development in green buildings. The New District·SanjiangTower, the first all⁃curtain⁃wall three⁃star green building in Fujian Province, presents significantchallenges for envelope performance due to its high window⁃to⁃wall ratio, fully glazed façade, and thehot⁃summer warm⁃winter climatic conditions. This study conducts optimization of the building envelope—including windows, curtain walls, exterior walls, and roof systems—through dynamic daylight simulation,wind environment simulation, and annual hourly energy⁃consumption simulation. Based on actualengineering implementation, a simulation⁃driven design⁃construction optimization⁃performance verificationtechnical framework is developed. The results show that by adopting multi⁃cavity thermal⁃break aluminumprofiles, triple⁃silver Low⁃E insulated glazing, a dual⁃layer sealing system, and high⁃performanceinsulation materials, the overall curtain⁃wall thermal transmittance is reduced to 2.278W/ (m2·K), andthe solar heat⁃gain coefficient decreases to 0.18. Dynamic optimization enables the daylighting⁃compliantarea to reach 90%, operable windows achieve an effective natural⁃ventilation pressure difference. Thebuilding􀆳s total annual energy consumption is reduced by 60.7%, and cooling energy consumptiondecreases by 68.74%. The study confirms the effectiveness of dynamic simulation in guiding high⁃performance and low⁃carbon envelope construction.