English：

The impact of shallowburied mountain tunnel construction on ecological vegetation is primarily manifested in two aspects: water stress responses in root systems caused by a drop in the groundwater table and mechanical damage to root systems resulting from ground settlement. An analysis of the hydrogeology in the area surrounding the ancient trees near the Qijiazhuang Tunnel was conducted. Using FLAC3D numerical simulation software, a coupled seepagestress numerical model was established, with the root systems of the ancient cypress trees simplified into rootsoil composite anchorage units. The study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of the seepage field in the tunnel site area during the construction period and analyzed the deformation and damage characteristics of the ancient tree root systems induced by tunnel excavation disturbances and quantitatively evaluated the waterstopping effectiveness of the grouting ring based on predictions of water inflow during tunnel excavation. The results indicate that the decline in groundwater level caused by tunnel construction under drainage conditions has a certain impact on the ancient trees at the surface. The extent of root damage induced by excavation disturbance is relatively minor, with tensile stress being the controlling factor for root unit damage. The grouting ring plays a significant role in suppressing water inflow during construction, but its impermeability performance is influenced by the grouting process.