应用研究 2025年 第卷 第08期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2025080086

高大梁板模板支撑体系拆除研究

卢勇¹,谭扬通¹,冯浩然²,阳安琦²,严穗明²,易检发³

作者简介:

卢勇,高级工程师,国家一级注册建造师,E-mail:1017297555@ qq. com

作者单位:

1.广东中联建建筑工程有限公司,广东深圳 518049; 2.北京盈建科软件股份有限公司,北京 100029;3.珠海市城建科学研究院有限公司,广东珠海 519000

摘要:

模板支撑架体的拆除时间需综合考虑梁板实际强度、所受荷载、跨度等因素。在总结高大模板支撑体系分2 次拆除的施工经验基础上,通过有限元分析和现场监测验证其可靠性。采用一种全新的梁板支撑脚手架受力分析方法,即将支撑架体模型导入建筑结构设计模型中,使架体与建筑结构协同受力、变形的有限元建模算法。对脚手架节点按规范建议值设置节点刚度,并依据钢结构设计规范与主体钢筋混凝土结构一起进行计算,模拟 0 —— 28d结构及其支撑体系在各楼层混凝土浇筑、养护、拆模过程中梁板及支撑脚手架变形、轴力变化。经数值计算和架体监测发现,随着混凝土龄期增加,梁板刚度逐渐增大。当各层施工速度≥10d /层且混凝土强度达到设计值的 85%以上时,N 层以上各层施工对第 N 层的影响可忽略不计。对于跨度>8m 或高大模板支撑体系,可实现分为 14,28d龄期 2 次拆除,从而加速模板和钢管的周转。研究表明,随着混凝土龄期增加,梁板下方脚手架立杆受力逐渐减小;当梁板能承受上部施工荷载时,该层梁板下方脚手架退出工作,梁板强度与变形均满足设计要求,达到了安全施工和节约成本的目的。

English:

The demolishing time of the formwork support frame should take into account the actualstrength of the beam-plate, the load, the span and other factors. On the basis of summarizing theconstruction experience of twice demolition of tall formwork support system, its reliability is verified byfinite element analysis and field monitoring. A new force analysis method of beam-plate support scaffold isadopted, that is, the support frame model is introduced into the building structure design model, so thatthe finite element modeling algorithm of the cooperative force and deformation of the frame body and thebuilding structure is adopted. The joint stiffness of the scaffold joint is set according to the recommendedvalue of the specification, and the calculation is carried out together with the main reinforced concretestructure according to the steel structure design specification. The deformation and axial force changes ofthe beam-plate and the support scaffold during the concrete pouring, curing and formwork demolitionprocess of the 0——28d structure and its support system are simulated. Through numerical calculation andframe monitoring, it is found that the stiffness of beam-plate increases graduallywith the increase ofconcrete age. When the construction speed of each layer is ≥10d / layer and the concrete strength reachesmore than 85% of the design value, the influence of the construction of each layer above the N-layer onthe N-layer can be ignored. For span > 8m or tall formwork support system, can be divided into 14,28dtwice demolition, so as to accelerate the turnover of formwork and steel pipe. The research shows thatwith the increase of concrete age, the force of the scaffold under the-beam plate decreases gradually.When the beam-plate can withstand the upper construction load, the lower scaffold of the beam-platewithdraws from the work, and the strength and deformation of the beam-plate meet the designrequirements,which achieves the purpose of safe construction and cost saving.