建筑机器人 2025年 第卷 第13期

DOI: 10. 7672 / sgjs2025130006

多款建筑智能机器人全过程协同作业技术

黄和明,夏 涛,肖诗凯,徐清艳,佘家伟,赵乐群

作者简介:

黄和明,工程师,E⁃mail:hhmgxs@ 163. com

作者单位:

中国建筑第四工程局有限公司,广东 深圳 518000

基金项目:

∗中建股份科技研发课题:建筑机器人精益建造体系在工程项目研究与应用(CSCEC⁃2023⁃Z⁃9);广东省住房和城乡建设厅研究开发项目:建筑机器人精益建造体系在工程项目研究与应用( 2024⁃K65⁃100579);中建四局科技研发课题:建筑机器人精益建造体系在工程项目研究与应用(CSCEC4B⁃2023⁃KTA⁃15)

摘要:

对工程从主体施工阶段到装修阶段全过程高效应用建筑智能机器人展开研究,旨在形成一套建筑机器人高效施工体系和高效协同的智能建造模式,提高建筑机器人作业覆盖率,推进自动化、标准化生产,保证施工质量、降低人工成本、提高作业效率. 研究项目主要对地下室底板施工,主体标准层施工以及室内外装修部分工序施工中建筑智能机器人的应用进行总结. 其中,地下室底板施工采用了整平、抹光两款机器人协同作业;主体标准层施工基于造楼机平台集成开合模机器人、巡检机器人、钢筋抓取机器人、钢筋转运机器人、自动巡点布料机、混凝土振捣机器人 6 款机器人组成一体化协同作业平台协同作业;室内装修阶段应用了腻子喷涂作业、腻子打磨作业、天花打磨机器人 3 款机器人协同作业;而室外装修阶段应用了外墙乳胶漆喷涂机器人进行高危环境作业. 共同构成了一个立体多款建筑智能机器人全过程协同作业模式.

English:

This paper studies the efficient application of intelligent building robots in the whole process,from the main construction stage to the decoration stage, aiming at forming a set of efficient constructionsystems and an efficient collaborative intelligent construction mode of building robots, improving thecoverage rate of building robots, promoting automation and standardized production, ensuring constructionquality, reducing labor cost, and improving operation efficiency. The research project mainly summarizesthe application of intelligent building robots in the construction of the basement floor, the construction ofthe main standard layer, and the construction of indoor and outdoor decoration. Among them, thebasement floor construction adopts two types of robots, namely, leveling robots and polishing robots, towork together. The main standard layer construction is based on the building machine platform, whichintegrates six types of robots, i. e. , the mold opening and closing robot, inspection robot, steel bargrabbing robot, steel bar transfer robot, automatic inspection point distributor, and concrete vibratingrobot. These six types of robots form an integrated collaborative work platform to work together. In theindoor decoration stage, the putty spraying operation robot, putty grinding operation robot, and ceilinggrinding robot are applied to work together. In the outdoor decoration stage, the external wall latex paintspraying robot is applied instead of high⁃risk environment operation. All these robots together constitute athree⁃dimensional, multiple, whole⁃process collaborative operation mode of building intelligent robots.