应用研究 2025年 第卷 第24期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2025240092

三维激光扫描技术在双曲铝板设计、加工及施工中的应用

宋江¹,段先军¹,柴婷婷¹,陈李华¹,刘铸玮¹,王刚²

作者简介:

宋江,深化设计师,E⁃mail: songjiang@ bucg. cc

作者单位:

1.北京城建集团有限责任公司,北京 100084; 2.北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司,北京 100037

基金项目:

2023 北京市国资委国有资本经营预算支持市属国企(创新团队)项目:大跨度钢屋盖综合模块拼装、运输及安装

摘要:

随着智能建造技术的进步、对绿色环保和以人为本理念的重视及经济快速发展,未来的建筑设计将更加多元化,符合建筑美学的异形建筑将会成为一种趋势。主要研究了复杂曲面构造跨专业 3D 扫描技术应用,针对点云数据分析及有效选取,确定点云数据拟合模型技术在流程中的应用步骤及如何根据拟合模型指导跨专业构建实体模型。首先分析异形构件复杂曲面特性,并初步判断不同构件位置轮廓线形类别。其次根据轮廓线形类别拆分数据并分类处理,即针对常规线形范围数据,选取有效特征点并集合交点,输出构件轮廓,指导放样设计;针对复杂曲线范围,采用 Geomagic Design X 处理对应位置复杂曲面点云数据;综合提高点云数据处理精度及效率,实景化拟合出准确无误的主体结构的完整曲面造型。最后基于主体结构的完整曲面造型模型(前序专业模型),并根据建筑设计意图,指导完成异形建筑铝板装饰模型(后序界面专业模型),并完成样板加工及拓展施工。其研究结果对优化三维扫描技术、数据处理及高效点云数据拟合在异形构件复杂曲面跨专业设计、加工及施工案例中的应用具有重要的理论和实际意义。

English:

With the advancement of intelligent construction technology, the emphasis on green andenvironmentally friendly practices, the prioritization of people⁃oriented concept, and the rapid economicdevelopment, future architectural designs will become increasingly diversified. Buildings withunconventional forms that align with architectural aesthetics are expected to emerge as a prevailing trend.This paper primarily focuses on the application of cross⁃disciplinary 3D scanning technology for complexcurved surface construction, specifically addressing the analysis and effective selection of point clouddata. It establishes the procedural steps for applying point cloud data fitting model technologywithin theworkflow and explores how to guide the creation of cross⁃disciplinary component solid models based on thefitting model. The research begins by analyzing the characteristics of complex curved surfaces inunconventional components and preliminarily categorizing the contour line types at different componentpositions. Subsequently, the data is segmented and processed according to the contour line types. Fordata within conventional linear ranges, effective feature points are selected, intersection points areaggregated, and component contours are output to guide lofting design. For complex curve ranges,Geomagic Design X is employed to process the corresponding complex surface point cloud data. This approach enhances both the precision and efficiency of point cloud data processing, enabling the realisticfitting of accurate and complete surface models of the main structure. Finally, based on the completesurface model of the main structure ( the preceding professional model) and in accordance with thearchitectural design intent, the study guides the completion of the aluminum panel decorative model forunconventional buildings (the subsequent interface professional model), followed by formwork processingand extended construction. The findings of this research hold significant theoretical and practicalimplications for optimizing 3D scanning technology, data processing, and efficient point cloud data fittingin cross⁃disciplinary design, fabrication, and construction cases involving complex curved surfaces ofunconventional components.